This document is “021 01 Airframes and Systems,” Book 2 in the JAA (Joint Aviation Authorities) Airline Transport Pilot’s Licence Theoretical Knowledge Manual series, published by Oxford Aviation Training with Jeppesen and approved as JAA compliant by the UK Civil Aviation Authority. It corresponds to Aircraft General Knowledge 1 in the wider ATPL syllabus and follows the series’ standard format of numbered chapters with figures and end of chapter self assessment questions.
The manual opens with aircraft structures, covering the purpose of primary structural elements such as wing spars, ribs, and stringers, along with design load factors and how bending moments in the wing can be reduced in flight through fuel management and control surface use. It then moves into hydraulics, providing the foundation for the powered systems covered later, before addressing landing gear systems in detail, including antiskid braking, wheel speed transducers, and torque limiting to protect against excessive braking loads.
A substantial section covers flight controls, including directional control through the rudder, rudder ratio changers that reduce control surface deflection at high speed to protect the structure, and aircraft trimming. This is followed by air conditioning and pressurisation, explaining cabin pressure control logic through a typical flight profile from taxi and climb through cruise, descent, and landing, along with permissible cabin rate of change limits.
Later sections address ice and rain protection, covering de-icing and anti-icing fluids and procedures for control surfaces, landing gear, and engines in icing conditions, and emergency equipment, including extracts from JAR-OPS regulations on supplemental oxygen requirements for crew and passengers at various cabin altitudes, along with fire detection and protection systems, portable oxygen bottle duration, and oxygen regulator function. Together, these sections give ATPL candidates a comprehensive grounding in airframe structure and the major aircraft systems that support flight.
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